Households and purchasing capacity.
Can the typical household afford more than before?
Improving
A favourable change under this indicator’s stated rule, compared with the same period one year earlier.
Lower unemployment or debt/GDP is positive. Higher employment or a smaller trade deficit is also positive.
Green does not always mean the number increased.
Worsening
An unfavourable change under this indicator’s stated rule, compared with the same period one year earlier.
Higher unemployment or debt/GDP is negative. Inflation moving further from the dashboard’s 2% reference is also negative.
Red describes the observed change, not its cause or the country’s overall condition.
Unchanged / context needed
No improvement or deterioration is assigned. The value may be unchanged, its meaning ambiguous, or the comparison unavailable or delayed.
Imports can rise because of demand or investment, so they remain neutral. Missing or delayed comparisons also remain neutral.
Neutral does not mean good, bad, or zero.
Income years, survey years and consumption years are different. Every value keeps its own date. No GDP-based welfare score.
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1. Real household purchasing capacity
Income / essential costsReal income and essential costs
2019 = 100Both lines are indices. Real income is already deflated by all-items HICP. The capacity calculation below uses nominal income, avoiding double deflation.
Purchasing Capacity Index
2019 = 100Nominal median income index / essential cost index × 100. Above 100 means greater purchasing capacity than in 2019 under this basket.
What is in the essential basket?
Analytical weightsFixed weights prioritise food, rent and utilities, followed by health, transport, household maintenance and education. These are our choices, not official expenditure shares or an estimate of the median household basket.
Everyday prices
Income and purchasing capacity by year
Year = income reference year. Real income is expressed in 2019 euros per equivalent adult. N/A means a required observation is missing, not zero.
Housing space and leaving home
Housing costs and payment difficulties appear below. Here we examine living space and when young people leave the parental home. These averages do not describe every household.
Owners and tenants: living space over time
Owner and tenant averages describe different populations. They are not added together and do not prove that tenure causes the difference.
2. Official material welfare and living conditions
AIC / EU-SILCAIC: Greece and the EU average
EU = 100 is the EU average. Greece = 80 means consumption per person is 20% below that average, not a 20% fall from the previous year.
Poverty and deprivation
Pressure from housing costs
Everyday financial difficulties
What changed since 2019?
Each row uses its latest available year and exactly the preceding calendar year. Percentage rates change in percentage points; income and indices also show percentage changes.
EU benchmarks for poverty, deprivation and housing use exactly the Greek observation year. EU poverty rates use national income thresholds, not one common European poverty line. Housing percentages have no directly published matching headcount in this source.
What the evidence supports
Definitions, dates and limitations
Median equivalised income adjusts disposable household income for household size using the modified OECD scale: 1 for the first adult, 0.5 for other people aged 14+, and 0.3 for younger children. It represents a person in the middle of the income distribution, not a specific family budget.
EU-SILC income refers to the previous calendar year. The purchasing-capacity section shifts income to that year; living-conditions tables keep survey years. Poverty and inequality therefore refer to earlier income, while deprivation reflects survey conditions.
AROPE and severe material and social deprivation begin in 2015 here; Gini and furniture coverage begin in 2014 in these selected series. Cooling is an ad-hoc 2012 observation, not a current annual affordability measure. Missing years remain N/A.
Provisional, estimated and break-in-series flags remain attached to observations. Comparisons crossing a reported break are marked and receive no welfare colour. Unflagged official data are not assumed to be unrevisable final data.
We use one harmonised Eurostat series for each concept, including Greece's EU-SILC submissions. This release does not merge separate ELSTAT publications; no claim of cross-source reconciliation is made. Differences may arise from publication dates, revisions, definitions or reference years.
GDP describes production; AIC describes average individual consumption; income, prices and EU-SILC describe household resources and financial pressure. None alone proves that everyone is better off. No causal or political conclusion is inferred.
Buying a home and borrowing
Apartment prices are an index, not a euro price. Loan rates describe new agreements, not all outstanding mortgages. Each series keeps its own reporting period.
Children and financial hardship
Under 18. Percentages and official headcounts refer to the same survey year. These groups overlap: poverty and deprivation must not be added to the combined indicator.
Greece and EU-27 use the same survey year and children under 18 in private households. Income poverty uses national thresholds; the EU figure is not based on a common euro poverty line.
Living conditions after 65
Age 65+ does not mean retired. Income is annual household disposable income adjusted for household size, not a monthly pension. Poverty groups overlap. Each percentage has its same-year official headcount.
Poverty comparisons use the same survey year and people aged 65+ in private households. Income poverty is relative to each country's national threshold; the EU does not use one common euro threshold.
Greece household income and cost of living
Explore household income, purchasing power, housing and living conditions in Greece. Compare dated observations and inspect calculation assumptions.
Greece OS is an independent application presenting public data, not an official government website. Reporting periods differ by indicator. The interactive dashboards show available observations, definitions and sources.